The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announces $30 million in funding for 10 projects to advance research in the growing field of “ultrafast” science. The research efforts span both materials science and chemistry and will take advantage of new and emerging capabilities to probe materials and chemical processes at time scales of a quadrillionth of a second or less. The goal is to help speed discovery of new materials and chemical processes through better step-by-step observation and control of matter’s behavior at atomic and molecular scales.
“Discoveries in materials science and chemistry have long been critical drivers of technological innovation and economic growth,” says U.S. Secretary of Energy Rick Perry. “These projects will keep American scientists on the cutting edge of one of today’s most promising and potentially productive areas of research.”
While the research spans a range of topics, a major focus is preparing for the upgrade of America’s premier installation for ultrafast science, the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), a DOE Office of Science user facility at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. Deployed in 2009 as the world’s first hard x-ray free electron laser (XFEL), according to DOE, LCLS gave ultrafast science a major boost, with its ability to probe matter with femtosecond (quadrillionth of a second) laser pulses 120 times a second—and closely track the motions of atoms and molecules. To maintain the U.S. leadership in ultrafast science, LCLS is presently undergoing an upgrade, which will reportedly produce up to 1 million laser pulses a second, delivering even finer time resolution.
A major thrust of the new ultrafast projects is understanding how to structure and shape experiments to take advantage of these revolutionary new capabilities. In the process, the research can be expected to provide detailed new insights into the behavior of catalysts, the movement and exchange of electrons in chemical reactions and even exotic quantum effects that may eventually find application in quantum computing, quantum information processing and advanced sensors. Resulting discoveries can ultimately be expected to benefit a wide range of technologies throughout the U.S. economy.
Projects were chosen by competitive peer review under a DOE Funding Opportunity Announcement, RESEARCH AT THE FRONTIERS OF X-RAY FREE ELECTRON LASER ULTRAFAST CHEMICAL AND MATERIALS SCIENCES, sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences within the Department’s Office of Science. Funding totals $30 million for projects lasting three years in duration.
For more information and a list of projects, visit: www.energy.gov
